Aristotle to Aurelius

O 16-26


1. Aristotle's school was called what? Why were its students called "peripatetics"?

2. On what logical form did Aristotle say all arguments are constructed? From what are its conclusions inferred?

3. Aristotle opposed Plato's view that Forms are transcendent, contending instead that forms are in what?. What are some other names for "Forms"?

4. Aristotle's basic causes are material, final, and what? He called the final cause behind everything, the ultimate purpose, goal, or telos, the what? Which cause is still widely invoked in modern scientific explanations?

5. In ethics, Aristotle said, we should always search for what? What should we study before theorizing? 


6. In what ancient cosmopolitan city was a great library established? Who developed the physics of leverage and hydraulics, thought "Eureka" moments could provide sudden, intuitive insight, and made the Philosophy Football Cup highlights reel? Who calculated earth's circumference with surprising accuracy? Who said there's no "royal road to mathematics"? Who was a heliocentrist before Copernicus?

7. Pyrrho was a _______, making systematic doubt central in his philosophy. Diogenes was a ______ who did contemptible things in public to show his contempt for public opinion.

8. One of the Romans' great practical achievements, besides architecture, infrastructure, and aqueducts, was _________. (Hint: a popular major at MTSU.)

9. ________, whose actual philosophy was quite different from the modern meaning of the adjective it inspired, said we must conquer fear, and what else, in order to experience pleasure and be happy? Which Epicurean said nothing comes from nothing?

10. _______, a Stoic, was ordered by the Emperor _____ (his student) to kill himself. Which Stoic raised the problem of free will and determinism to prominence?  __________ said (with a bee analogy) that the interests of individuals are inseparable from those of society and that yhou should approach every act as though it were your last.